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HIV-related lymphomas: Primary central nervous system lymphoma - UpToDate

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HIV-related NHL is generally divided into three types: systemic NHL, PCNSL, and the primary effusion ("body cavity") lymphomas [1,2]. More unusual types, such as plasmablastic lymphoma, also occur. These disorders are primarily encountered in patients with more advanced HIV infection, with a CD4 count that is usually below 100 cells/microL [3]. (See "HIV-related lymphomas: Epidemiology, risk factors, and pathobiology" and "HIV infection and malignancy: Epidemiology and pathogenesis", section on 'Epidemiology'.) The clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of HIV-related PCNSL will be reviewed here. Evaluation of the central nervous system (CNS) and treatment of secondary involvement of the CNS in patients with HIV-related systemic lymphoma is discussed separately. (See "HIV-related lymphomas: Clinical manifestations and diagnosis" and "HIV-related lymphomas: Treatment of systemic lymphoma".) PATHOGENESIS A variety of evidence demonstrates that EBV infection is central to the pa

HIV-related lymphomas: Primary central nervous system lymphoma INTRODUCTION Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) predisposes individuals to the development of a range of cancers. There are four acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining malignancies: Kaposi sarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) of high-grade pathologic type and of B cell or unknown immunologic phenotype, primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), and invasive cervical carcinoma. HIV-related NHL is generally divided into three types: systemic NHL, PCNSL, and the primary effusion ("body cavity")…

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