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Clinical manifestations and evaluation of adults with suspected left-sided native valve endocarditis - UpToDate

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Clinical manifestations and evaluation of adults with suspected left-sided native valve endocarditis INTRODUCTION Infective endocarditis (IE) refers to infection of the endocardial surface of the heart; it usually refers to infection of one or more heart valves or infection of an intracardiac device. The clinical manifestations and evaluation of adults with suspected left-sided native valve IE will be reviewed here. Issues related to right-sided native valve IE are discussed separately. (See "Right-sided native valve infective endocarditis".) Issues related to risk factors,…

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