Frontiers | Neuroplasticity in adult second language learning: a systematic scoping review of structural and functional neuroimaging evidence
BackgroundAdult second language (L2) learning offers a valuable model for studying experience-dependent brain plasticity beyond early development. Neuroimagi...
Abstract Background: Adult second language (L2) learning offers a valuable model for studying experience-dependent brain plasticity beyond early development. Neuroimaging studies have reported structural and functional changes associated with L2 acquisition, but findings remain heterogeneous and influenced by differences in study design, learner age, training intensity, and imaging modality. In particular, the relationship between structural remodeling and functional reorganization, and their relevance to aging and cognitive reserve, remains unclear. A narrative synthesis that maps and…
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