Mona Yu

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on the atlas — 30

highlights — 114

we argue that any robot interacting with humans, even if designed primarily for practical functions, embodies social value and should have its design and behaviors shaped accordingly. For instance, in a collaborative manipulation task with a human teammate, a robot should not only consider functional actions, such as picking up and placing objects, but also employ expressive movements that convey its intentions, state, and even character traits. These expressive cues can help human collaborators anticipate the robot’s actions, build trust, and foster a sense of comfort and enjoyment in the col…
[2501.12493] ELEGNT: Expressive and Functional Movement Design for Non-anthropomorphic Robot
Nevertheless, these findings show that the perceived intent of the received tactile sensation influences participants’ perception of simulated social touch.
Social Touch Technology: A Survey of Haptic Technology for Social Touch | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore
In a follow-up study Robins et al. [209] studied the interaction between children with ASD and a social robot that could respond to touch in a playful cause-and-effect game. The robot responded positively to light touch and negatively to harsh touch through vocal utterances, facial expressions, and body movement. After repeated interactions with guidance from the experimenter children were able to develop a non-aggressive touch interaction style with the robot. Additionally, an approach where the robot gives appropriate multimodal feedback to being touched can have positive effects on the body…
Social Touch Technology: A Survey of Haptic Technology for Social Touch | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore
The field of tactile human robot interaction (Tactile HRI) is concerned with two themes in the research field of robotics, namely: tactile detection, and HRI [201] . Detection often occurs through soft or hard shell skin-type sensors or through sensors in the robot’s joints [201]. For example, Yoshikai et al. [202] present a small humanoid robot with a soft urethane shell that contains touch sensors. The sensors can detect 3D force distributions allowing the robot to respond to physical interactions such as being picked up and hugged. Similarly, CB2 [203] is a child-sized robot that features a…
Social Touch Technology: A Survey of Haptic Technology for Social Touch | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore
using servo-motors to move the mannequin’s arm, touch the user, as well as respond to user’s touches. Studies showed that medical students used touches to communicate empathy, concern, comfort, and to gain the virtual patient’s compliance. Furthermore, it was found that visuo-haptic touch from the virtual patient successfully communicated the virtual patient’s fear and made it seem more human-like [197].
Social Touch Technology: A Survey of Haptic Technology for Social Touch | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore
The Media Equation theory states that humans interact with a perceived intelligent system as if the system is a human social actor [183].
Social Touch Technology: A Survey of Haptic Technology for Social Touch | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore
Wang et al. [116] conducted a study where participants listened to a story, and, through a squeeze band, received haptic feedback from the storyteller at emotional moments in the story. Participants who attributed the haptic feedback to the storyteller felt closer to the storyteller than participants who attributed the haptic feedback to the storyteller’s autonomic arousal. However, another study that used the same story, touch moments, and haptic feedback, with the addition of a random touch condition found no effects of the storyteller’s touches on social presence [182].
Social Touch Technology: A Survey of Haptic Technology for Social Touch | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore
The extent to which emotions can be communicated may also depend on the type of haptic feedback used and the input used to deliver it. In a study that employed a device that could translate finger touch gestures and squeeze gestures to vibrotactile feedback it was found that vibrotacitle feedback could be used to communicate affective valence and arousal [171]. Squeeze gestures were found to be more suitable for the communication of low valence, high arousal states, while the finger touch gesture was found to be preferable for the communication of high valence, low arousal states. When this wa…
Social Touch Technology: A Survey of Haptic Technology for Social Touch | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore
Haans and Ijsselsteijn define mediated social touch as “the ability of one actor to touch another actor over a distance by means of tactile or kinesthetic feedback technology” [8, p. 153]. Mediated social touch is somewhat of an oxymoron because social touch by its very nature requires physical proximity (see also [112, p. 13] for a discussion of multisensory integration and physical proximity). Thus, there are differences between actual social touch and mediated social touch that need to be taken into consideration. First, unlike actual social touch, mediated social touch is not necessarily r…
Social Touch Technology: A Survey of Haptic Technology for Social Touch | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore
Midas touch effect [13] which describes the positive effects of social touch on pro-social behavior.
Social Touch Technology: A Survey of Haptic Technology for Social Touch | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore
effects of social touch on four relevant topics that have been identified in the literature, namely: physical and emotional well-being, attachment and bonding, attitude and behavior change, and communication of affect.
Social Touch Technology: A Survey of Haptic Technology for Social Touch | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore
social touch is considered to involve both discriminative and affective touch systems working in tandem.
Social Touch Technology: A Survey of Haptic Technology for Social Touch | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore
Processing of pleasant touch through the affective touch CT pathway is considered an innate non-learned process [2], yet it should be noted that the perception of pleasant stroking touches can be modulated by cognitive processes, such as interpretation of verbal descriptors [43], or attribution of the touch to a male or female
Social Touch Technology: A Survey of Haptic Technology for Social Touch | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore
Thus, there is a dedicated pathway that underlies affective touch and that is distinct from discriminative touch.
Social Touch Technology: A Survey of Haptic Technology for Social Touch | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore
What is more, CT afferents respond most vigorously to stroking touches applied by a stimulus at skin temperature [40].
Social Touch Technology: A Survey of Haptic Technology for Social Touch | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore
The hairy skin, which covers most of the human body, has a lower density of fast conducting receptors than the hand and fingers [2], [34]. However, only the hairy skin is innervated by a class of low threshold, unmyelinated (thus slow conducting) C Tactile (CT) afferents [35]. CT afferents offer poor spatial and temporal resolution and are therefore not well suited for discriminative touch [32], [34]. It has been found that CT afferents respond particularly strongly to gentle, stroking touches with firing rates following an inverted U-curve shape as a function of stroking velocity and peaking …
Social Touch Technology: A Survey of Haptic Technology for Social Touch | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore
Functionally, a distinction can be made between the kinesthetic and cutaneous senses [26], [27]. The kinesthetic sense provides information about the position of limbs in time and space and information about muscular effort to the central nervous system in order to guide body movement [27]. Force-feedback type haptic interfaces, exerting forces on the limbs of a user, address the kinesthetic sense, though receptors in the skin are also stimulated. The cutaneous sense provides the central nervous system with information from a range of different receptors found in the skin. For example, vibrota…
Social Touch Technology: A Survey of Haptic Technology for Social Touch | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore
In Linguistic Bodies, according to Di Paolo, “We were dealing with the question of understanding language from an embodied perspective. Imagine that you don't know anything about language. And then you realize that all the traditional methodologies are likely to fail because everything is so interconnected, from the grammar to the gestures to the intonation to the history of the particular word that you're using. And the meanings keep changing. Everything is so entangled. And so the idea is that language is a totality. It doesn't have a center. It's not that grammar is the key to it or recursi…
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Both Marxist theory and enactive cognitive science stress the importance of history in shaping what matters at any given time. In the interview I link to above, Di Paolo is quoted as saying “From an enactive perspective, cognition is no longer what happens in your head. Cognition is what you do. And in actually doing you’re changing your surroundings, and you’re changing yourself, you’re changing others, and their actions change you. These changes may be minute, they may simply reaffirm things as they stand, or they may be radical, throwing us into crises. This is summarized very nicely in tha…
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So, in the very strictest sense, we are not able to perceive 4 dimensions. We are entities that occupy regions of 3-dimensional space but we intersect the 4th dimension (time) at only a single point, the "present". If that's even a reasonable way to conceptualize it.
If time is the 4th dimension, doesn't it mean we can perceive the 4th dimension since time isn't new to us? : r/AskPhysics
nventor said in H.G. Wells’ 1895 novel The Time Machine, “There is no difference between Time and any of the three dimensions of Space except that our consciousness moves along it.”
A Mathematician's Guided Tour Through Higher Dimensions | WIRED
Thomas Banchoff wrote, “All of us are slaves to the prejudices of our own dimension.”
A Mathematician's Guided Tour Through Higher Dimensions | WIRED
Derrida has provided many definitions of deconstruction. But three definitions are classical. The first is early, being found in the 1971 interview “Positions” and in the 1972 Preface to Dissemination: deconstruction consists in “two phases” (Positions, pp. 41–42, Dissemination, pp.4–6). At this stage of his career Derrida speaks of “metaphysics” as if the Western philosophical tradition was monolithic and homogeneous. At times he also speaks of “Platonism,” as Nietzsche did. Simply, deconstruction is a criticism of Platonism, which is defined by the belief that existence is structured in term…
Jacques Derrida (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
Kant’s account of the content of moral requirements and the nature of moral reasoning is based on his analysis of the unique force moral considerations have as reasons to act. The force of moral requirements as reasons is that we cannot ignore them no matter how circumstances might conspire against any other consideration. Basic moral requirements retain their reason-giving force under any circumstance, they have universal validity. So, whatever else may be said of basic moral requirements, their content is universal. Only a universal law could be the content of a requirement that has the reas…
Kant’s Moral Philosophy (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
Finally, Kant’s examples come on the heels of defending the position that rationality requires conformity to hypothetical imperatives. Thus, we should assume that, necessarily, rational agents will the necessary and available means to any ends that they will. And once we add this to the assumptions that we must will our own happiness as an end, and that developed talents are necessary means to achieving that end, it follows that we cannot rationally will that a world come about in which it is a law that no one ever develops any of their natural talents. We cannot do so, because our own happine…
Kant’s Moral Philosophy (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
Thus, it is not an error of rationality to fail to take the necessary means to one’s (willed) ends, nor to fail to want to take the means; one only falls foul of non-moral practical reason if one fails to will the means. Likewise, while actions, feelings or desires may be the focus of other moral views, for Kant practical irrationality, both moral and prudential, focuses mainly on our willing.
Kant’s Moral Philosophy (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
Rationality, Kant thinks, can issue no imperative if the end is indeterminate, and happiness is an indeterminate end.
Kant’s Moral Philosophy (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
In the Critique of Practical Reason, Kant argued that this Highest Good for humanity is complete moral virtue together with complete happiness, the former being the condition of our deserving the latter. Unfortunately, Kant noted, virtue does not ensure wellbeing and may even conflict with it. Further, he thought that there is no real possibility of moral perfection in this life and indeed few of us fully deserve the happiness we are lucky enough to enjoy. Reason cannot prove or disprove the existence of Divine Providence, on Kant’s view, nor the immortality of the soul, which seem necessary t…
Kant’s Moral Philosophy (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
In sociology, mechanical solidarity and organic solidarity[1] are the two types of social solidarity that were formulated by Émile Durkheim
Mechanical and organic solidarity
In a society that exhibits mechanical solidarity, its cohesion and integration comes from the homogeneity of individuals—people feel connected through similar work; educational and religious training; age; gender; and lifestyle. Mechanical solidarity normally operates in traditional and small-scale societies (e.g., tribes).[2] In these simpler societies, solidarity is usually based on kinship ties of familial networks. Organic solidarity is a social cohesion based upon the interdependence that arises between people from the specialization of work and complementarianism as result of more advanc…
Mechanical and organic solidarity
Moreover, the background music is often highly correlated with the singing voice, making it more challenging to analyze the vocals with high accuracy. Gupta et al. [ 5 ] explored music-related features and adapted the acoustic model on polyphonic data.
Huang Improving lyrics Alignment 2022 Accepted.pdf
At the same time the pitch is usually annotated with high temporal accuracy in ground truth data while the timing of lyrics is often only available at the line (or word) level.
Huang Improving lyrics Alignment 2022 Accepted.pdf
Yet, many current approaches employ frameworks designed for automatic speech recognition (ASR) and do not exploit properties specific to music.
Huang Improving lyrics Alignment 2022 Accepted.pdf
Musical activities have been found to influence memory, attention and effort as a result of their physiological properties and also to foster a relaxed and safe but motivating and productive classroom atmosphere (Fonseca & Herrero 2016)
(PDF) Music and Language Learning: An Introduction
On the one hand, musical abilities enhance linguistic cognitive processes such as phonemic and phonological awareness, reading comprehension, vocabulary acquisition, listening and speech abilities.
(PDF) Music and Language Learning: An Introduction
Curiously enough, the idiom “to have an ear for” is found in many different languages and is directly related to language and music. So in French, we find the expression “avoir de l’oreille pour”, while in German it is “ein Ohr haben für” and in Spanish “tener oído para”. This shows that beliefs about the relationship between music and language are somehow supported by our shared verbal behaviour; by common sense or street wisdom.
(PDF) Music and Language Learning: An Introduction
This also enables us to assess the potential impact of unique rhythmic structures on 218 cortical tracking of speech, and its manipulation through music-to-speech rhythms. To 219 this end, the rhythmical properties of the musical stimuli were manipulated according to 220 the syllabic and prosodic rates of Basque and Spanish. We expected to find a music-to-221 speech cortical tracking effect across participants in both the Spanish and Basque tasks
(PDF) Temporal Structure of Music Improves the Cortical Encoding of Speech
Critically, we propose that music-to-speech 144 benefits arise from the similarities between the temporal structure of music and speech. 145 Specifically, from the rich and complex structure in music reflecting the prosodic and 146 syllabic rhythms of speech.
(PDF) Temporal Structure of Music Improves the Cortical Encoding of Speech
A growing body of literature that 127 recognizes the importance of rhythm for language acquisition, speech, and music 128 processing (Goswami, 2022; Ladányi et al., 2020). From the perspective of cortical 129 tracking, for instance, delta brain oscillations phase-align with the beats of the rhythm of 130 speech and music (Lakatos et al., 2013; 2016; Poeppel & Assaneo, 2020; Schroeder & 131 Lakatos, 2009). In addition, rhythmic priming studies suggest that the temporal regularity 132 found in music or speech rhythms would enable prediction of when upcoming beats or 133 syllables will occur, and…
(PDF) Temporal Structure of Music Improves the Cortical Encoding of Speech
Accurate tracking of acoustic temporal 119 regularities correlates with speech intelligibility (Ahissar et al., 2001; Luo & Poeppel, 120 2007), and has been suggested to be responsible for accurate syllabic parsing (Doelling 121 et al., 2014)
(PDF) Temporal Structure of Music Improves the Cortical Encoding of Speech
neural activity synchronizes to the rhythmical patterns of external inputs, such as 106 speech and musical signals (Obleser & Kayser, 2019). This synchronization mechanism, 107 referred to as cortical tracking hereafter, is reflected in the phase and amplitude of the 108 neural oscillations that synchronize with the stimulus (see Doelling & Assaneo, 2021 for 109 review). Cortical tracking of auditory stimuli plays a role in processing the linguistic 110 structure of speech, via aligning specific neural oscillators to specific linguistic units: 111 phonological rate (gamma, >30 Hz) (Hyafil et a…
(PDF) Temporal Structure of Music Improves the Cortical Encoding of Speech
The Precise Auditory Timing Hypothesis (PATH; Tierney & Kraus, 2014) 94 explains enhanced linguistic abilities in musicians by cross-domain auditory 95 improvement; in other words, changes in neural processing in one domain are driven by 96 experience or training in another. While both these frameworks suggest potential transfer
(PDF) Temporal Structure of Music Improves the Cortical Encoding of Speech
The Overlap, Precision, Emotion, Repetition, 90 and Attention (OPERA) hypothesis (Patel, 2011; 2014), proposes that music training 91 enhances speech processing when music places higher demands than speech on shared 92 cognitive processes, and engages this process in the context of emotion, repetition, and 93 attention.
(PDF) Temporal Structure of Music Improves the Cortical Encoding of Speech
Furthermore, other studies have shown that these benefits extend to more general 84 language abilities such as vocabulary skills (Piro & Ortiz, 2009), phonological awareness 85 (Dege & Schwarzer, 2011), and auditory processing (Habibi et al., 2016), as shown in 86 children and adults, as well as young infants (Gerry et al., 2012; Zhao & Kuhl, 2016)
(PDF) Temporal Structure of Music Improves the Cortical Encoding of Speech
Furthermore, other studies have shown that these benefits extend to more general 84 language abilities such as vocabulary skills (Piro & Ortiz, 2009), phonological awareness 85 (Dege & Schwarzer, 2011), and auditory processing (Habibi et al., 2016), as shown in 86 children and adults, as well as young infants (Gerry et al., 2012; Zhao & Kuhl, 2016)
(PDF) Temporal Structure of Music Improves the Cortical Encoding of Speech
intersensory redundancy hypothesis ( Bahrick & Lickliter, 2000 ) holds that information presented redundantly and in temporal synchrony across two sense modalities selectively recruits attention and facilitates perceptual differentiation more effectively than does the same information presented unimodally
doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2007.03.005
Moreover, if we were to consider that music is akin to pros- ody, these results would be in line with previous findings showing that prosodic information is important for segmentation. Although we did not add proper pro- sodic cues, such as lengthening, that have been used in previous studies (e.g. Saffran et al., 1996b ), the fact of adding melodic information might facilitate grouping by means of gestalt properties and this may result in enhanced segmentation. Further studies are needed in order to see what are the effects of tonal and/or contour prop- erties of music in facilitating segment…
doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2007.03.005
superposition of transitional probabilities does play an important role in learning
doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2007.03.005
How may language learning benefit from musical information? As pointed out above, this may happen in at least three different ways. First, a general increase in the level of arousal or attention might increase overall performance. Second, the presence of tonal and discrete pitch changes between syllables may enhance phonological boundaries and therefore increase phonological discrimina- tion. Indeed, syllables may be distinguished not only on the basis of their phonetic properties, but also on the basis of pitch information, and may also benefit of the gestalt properties of pitch, especially o…
doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2007.03.005
his possibility is supported, from an evolutionary per- spective, by an intricate evolution of the language and music faculties ( Besson & Scho ̈ n, 2003; Brown, 2001; Hauser, Chomsky, & Fitch, 2002 ), and, from a neurosci- entific perspective, by recent findings showing that neural networks subserving lan- 976 D. Scho ̈
doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2007.03.005