Upgrading Ethereum | 2.3.1 Preliminaries
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A technical handbook on Ethereum's move to proof of stake and beyond.
Upgrading Ethereum | 2.3.1 Preliminaries Part 2: Technical Overview Consensus Preliminaries Consensus is a way to build reliable distributed systems with unreliable components. Blockchain-based distributed systems aim to agree on a single history of transactions. Proof of work and proof of stake are not consensus protocols, but enable consensus protocols. Many blockchain consensus protocols are "forkful". Forkful chains use a fork choice rule, and sometimes undergo reorganisations. In a "safe" protocol, nothing bad ever happens. In a "live" protocol, something good always happens. No practical
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