Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of diabetic infections of the lower extremities - UpToDate

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INTRODUCTION Diabetic foot infections are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality [1]. Important risk factors for development of diabetic foot infections include neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, and poor glycemic control. In the setting of sensory neuropathy, there is diminished perception of pain and temperature; thus, many patients are slow to recognize the presence of an injury to their feet. Autonomic neuropathy can cause diminished sweat secretion resulting in dry, cracked skin that facilitates the entry of microorganisms to the deeper skin structures. In addition, motor neuropathy can lead to foot deformities, which lead to pressure-induced soft tissue damage. Peripheral artery disease can impair blood flow necessary for healing of ulcers and infections. Hyperglycemia impairs neutrophil function and reduces host defenses. Trauma in patients with one or more of these risk factors precipitates development of wounds that can be slow to heal and predispose to seco

Diabetic foot infection, including osteomyelitis: Clinical manifestations and diagnosis INTRODUCTION Diabetic foot infections are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality [1]. Important risk factors for diabetic foot infections include neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, and poor glycemic control. The microbiology, clinical evaluation, and diagnosis of diabetic foot infections will be reviewed here. The general evaluation of the diabetic foot and management of uninfected diabetic foot lesions are discussed separately. (See "Foot evaluation in people with diabetes mellitus"…

Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of diabetic infections of the lower extremities - UpToDate

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