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Hepatic, pancreatic, and rare gastrointestinal complications of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy - UpToDate

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Hepatic, pancreatic, and rare gastrointestinal complications of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy Authors:Shilpa Grover, MD, MPH, AGAFYinghong Wang, MD, PhDMichael Dougan, MD, PhDStephen D Zucker, MD Section Editors:Michael B Atkins, MDKeith D Lindor, MDSunanda V Kane, MD, MSPH Deputy Editor:Sonali M Shah, MD Literature review current through: Aug 2026. This topic last updated: Jan 09, 2026. INTRODUCTION With the widespread use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI; also known as checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy) for treatment of various types of cancer, immune-related adverse events…

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