Clinical manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome - UpToDate
INTRODUCTION Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune multisystem disorder characterized by arterial, venous, or small vessel thromboembolic events and/or pregnancy morbidity in the presence of persistent antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) [1]. aPLs are a heterogenous group of autoantibodies which are directed against phospholipid-binding proteins. APS occurs as a primary condition or in the setting of an underlying systemic autoimmune disease, particularly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The clinical manifestations of APS will be reviewed here. Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of APS are presented separately. (See "Pathogenesis of antiphospholipid syndrome" and "Diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome" and "Management of antiphospholipid syndrome".) Catastrophic APS (CAPS) and kidney manifestations of APS are discussed separately. (See "Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS)" and "Antiphospholipid syndrome and the kidney".) EPIDEMIOLOGY In a large retrospective
UpToDate
Explore this link on the map →related reading
- UpToDateuptodate.com
- UpToDateuptodate.com
- Lupus - Wikipediaen.wikipedia.org
- UpToDateuptodate.com
- Acquired Hemophilia A - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment | NORDrarediseases.org
- UpToDateuptodate.com
- Lung abscess | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.orgradiopaedia.org
- ALS - Wikipediaen.wikipedia.org
- Peripheral Arterial Disease - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelfncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelfncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- UpToDateuptodate.com
- Pustular Psoriasis: The Dawn of a New Era | Abstract | Acta Dermato-Venereologicamedicaljournals.se