amy g

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on the atlas — 3

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Neural responses to faces and bodies in general are well-characterised, and there appear to be specialised brain regions devoted to both (reviewed in [5]). For example, areas of the occipital lobe [6] and fusiform gyrus [7] respond more to faces than to non-face stimuli, and sections of extrastriate cortex are responsive to bodies [8]. There are also electromagnetic event-related potential (ERP) signals associated with face and body stimuli, though their precise role is still debated [9,10]. It seems highly likely that ‘uncanny’ images will activate these same processes, yet it is unclear whet…
Neural correlates of the uncanny valley effect for robots and hyper-realistic masks | PLOS One
differences in brain activation when engaging with humans and with embodied AIs reflect activation unique to human beings beyond both feature space mapping and mental state inferences.
The Neuroscience of Human and Artificial Intelligence Presence | Annual Reviews
The brain processes human beings’ physical forms using feature space mapping in the ventral temporal lobe (Haxby et al. 2001)—the same kind of processing that nonhuman objects trigger—allowing the perceiver to identify the target. In addition, the brain calculates a mental state inference—a Bayesian integration of statistical information—to infer the contents of a target's mind (Amodio & Frith 2006, Frith & Frith 2001, Gallagher & Frith 2003). Minds cannot be directly perceived but are only inferred from behavior. Therefore, this second process is typically reserved for human beings.
The Neuroscience of Human and Artificial Intelligence Presence | Annual Reviews
In essence, acknowledging that another being in the world has a mind is an imaginative process. For instance, people can imagine themselves as an abstract concept separate from their phenomenological experience—respectively, the “I” and the “me” (James 1890)—suggesting that the self can be perceived as a social target and even dehumanized (Tang & Harris 2015). Given this special flexibility of human social cognition, it is important to understand where the boundaries lie for what people consider human.
The Neuroscience of Human and Artificial Intelligence Presence | Annual Reviews