Recent Increase in R&D to GDP Ratio Driven by Increases in Experimental Development | NCSES | NSF
The ratio of U.S. research and development (R&D) to gross domestic product (GDP), at 3.40% in 2021, exceeded 3% for the first time in 2019. The previous peak of the R&D-to-GDP ratio was in 1964. Focusing on the long-term trends masks changes over the past decade that have driven R&D to account for over 3% of the value of domestically produced goods and services. Data are from the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics National Patterns of R&D Resources.
U.S. R&D, by type of R&D GDP = gross domestic product. Note(s): Some data for 2020 are preliminary and may be revised. The data for 2021 include estimates and are likely to later be revised. The GDP data used reflect the Bureau of Economic statistics of late October 2021. Source(s): National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, National Patterns of R&D Resources (annual series). The ratio of U.S. research and development (R&D) to gross domestic product (GDP), at 3.40% in 2021, exceeded 3% for the first time in 2019. The previous peak of the R&D-to-GDP ratio was in 1964.…
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