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Bipolar Power Supplies Tutorial

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How to construct a bipolar power supply. Includes sample circuits and theory.

Figure 1: Basic dual-battery configuration by Lewis Loflin (lloflin2@gmail.com) Introduction In electronics, many integrated circuits—particularly operational amplifiers (op-amps) and high-fidelity audio amplifiers—require a "bipolar" or "split-rail" power supply. Unlike a single-ended supply that provides only a positive potential relative to ground, a bipolar supply provides both positive and negative voltages. This configuration allows signal voltages to swing above and below a zero-volt baseline, which is essential for accurate signal processing and amplification. A Note on…

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