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Overview of intestinal ischemia in adults - UpToDate

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INTRODUCTION Intestinal ischemia, which can affect the small or large intestine, can be caused by any process that reduces intestinal blood flow, such as arterial occlusion, venous occlusion, or arterial vasospasm. For patients with acute symptoms, a rapid diagnosis is imperative since the clinical consequences can be catastrophic, including sepsis, bowel infarction, and death. An overview of intestinal ischemia and differentiation of the various forms of intestinal ischemia are reviewed here. Specific etiologies of intestinal ischemia are reviewed in more detail elsewhere. ● (See "Acute mesenteric arterial occlusion".) ● (See "Chronic mesenteric ischemia".) ● (See "Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia".) ● (See "Mesenteric venous thrombosis in adults".) ● (See "Colonic ischemia".) CLASSIFICATION Intestinal ischemia can be classified according to the time course of onset and quality of symptoms, the degree to which blood flow is compromised, and the segment of bowel that is affected. Ische

Overview of intestinal ischemia in adults Authors:David A Tendler, MDJ Thomas Lamont, MD Section Editors:John F Eidt, MDJoseph L Mills, Sr, MD Deputy Editor:Kathryn A Collins, MD, PhD, FSVS, FACS Literature review current through: Aug 2026. This topic last updated: Oct 15, 2025. INTRODUCTION Intestinal ischemia, which can affect the small or large intestine, can be caused by any process that reduces intestinal blood flow, such as arterial occlusion, venous occlusion, or arterial vasospasm. For patients with acute symptoms, a rapid diagnosis is imperative since the clinical consequences…

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