Gastroparesis: Etiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis - UpToDate
Normal gastrointestinal motor function is a complex series of events that requires coordination of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, neurons and pacemaker cells (called interstitial cells of Cajal) within the stomach and intestine, and the smooth muscle cells of the gut. Abnormalities of this process can lead to a delay in gastric emptying (gastric stasis) [1]. This topic will review the etiology and diagnosis of gastroparesis. Our recommendations are largely consistent with guidelines by the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) and the American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) [2,3]. The pathogenesis and treatment of gastroparesis are discussed separately. (See "Pathogenesis of delayed gastric emptying" and "Treatment of gastroparesis".) DEFINITION Gastroparesis is a syndrome of objectively delayed gastric emptying of solids in the absence of a mechanical obstruction and cardinal symptoms of nausea, vomiting, early satiety, belching, bloating, and/or uppe
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