Last-seen time is critical: Revisiting RSSI-based WiFi indoor localization - ScienceDirect

Fig. 1. The diagram illustrates the sequence of system operations on an Android device, where the user initiates WiFi scan twice and retrieves the Scan Data Frame. Fig. 2. In a single Scan Data Frame, the last-seen timestamps correspond to 113 RSSI records, with each AP numbered from 1 to 113 based on its MAC address. Additionally, various markers are used to represent different carrier frequencies. Fig. 3. Variations in RSSI values and last-seen timestamps over 14 consecutively captured frames, with an additional note that updated last-seen timestamps are always later than the corresponding start timestamps. Fig. 4. The RSSI map of the AP with the MAC address 12:74:9C:A7:B3:62. Fig. 5. The compilation of all RSSI records for 195 distinct APs across 14 consecutive frames, with the APs numbered from 1 to 195 according to their unique MAC addresses. Fig. 6. Last-seen timestamps distribution of 419,794 fresh records from 2290 Scan data frames (aligned with their finish time). Fig. 7. Over

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• Kunal Mishra