Glomerular disease: Evaluation and differential diagnosis in adults - UpToDate

INTRODUCTION Glomerular disease can result from many inherited or acquired disorders and can manifest in a variety of ways, ranging in severity from asymptomatic urinary abnormalities to acute kidney injury (AKI) or end-stage kidney disease. A kidney biopsy is often required to diagnose the underlying pathology in patients with suspected glomerular disease, particularly in those with nephrotic syndrome or suspected glomerulonephritis. Rarely, a biopsy cannot be performed or is not needed to secure a diagnosis. More than one glomerular disease can be present in the same individual (eg, underlying diabetic nephropathy with superimposed glomerulonephritis). An overview of the differential diagnosis and evaluation of glomerular disease is presented in this topic. Certain clinical syndromes of glomerular disease are presented in other topics: ● Isolated hematuria (see "Isolated and persistent glomerular hematuria in adults") ● Isolated non-nephrotic proteinuria (see "Assessment of urinary p

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