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Mustafa Kemal Atatürk - Wikipedia

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Mustafa Kemal Atatürk,[a] also known as Mustafa Kemal Pasha[b] until 1921, and Ghazi Mustafa Kemal[c] from 1921 until the Surname Law of 1934[3] (c. 1881[d] – 10 November 1938), was a Turkish field marshal, revolutionary statesman, author, and the founding father of the Republic of Turkey, serving as its first president from 1923 until his death in 1938. He undertook sweeping progressive reforms, which modernized Turkey into a secular, industrializing nation.[4][5][6] Ideologically a secularist and nationalist, his policies and socio-political theories became known as Kemalism.[4] Atatürk came to prominence for his role in securing the Ottoman Turkish victory at the Battle of Gallipoli (1915) during World War I.[7] During this time, the Ottoman Empire perpetrated genocides against its Greek, Armenian and Assyrian subjects; while not directly involved, Atatürk's role in their aftermath has been controversial. Following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire after World War I, he led the Turki

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk - Wikipedia Jump to content From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia President of Turkey from 1923 to 1938 For other people named Mustafa Kamal, see Mustafa Kamal (disambiguation) . "Atatürk" redirects here. For other uses, see Atatürk (disambiguation) . This article may be too long to read and navigate comfortably . When this tag was added, its readable prose size was 15,600 words. Consider splitting content into sub-articles, condensing it, or adding subheadings . Please discuss this issue on the article's talk page . ( January 2026 ) {{Efn|Previously interred at [[Ethnogr

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