Microenvironments - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
TME undergo various alterations, which result in a change in pH, oxygen level, and chemokine gradients. Hypoxia is a low oxygen condition which occurs in the TME and affects angiogenesis, cell survival, EMT, and invasion [3]. Several studies used a microfluidic approach to model TME in terms of pH and oxygen level [27,29,55,56]. Chen and colleagues generated oxygen gradients in a microfluidic device using spatially confined chemical reactions. They cultured A549 lung carcinoma cells with an anti-cancer drug (Tirapazamine, TPZ) under various oxygen gradients and demonstrated the hyperoxia-induced cell death and hypoxia-induced cytotoxicity of TPZ [29]. Moreover, Wang and coworkers studied tumor cell–drug interactions in a dynamic hypoxia microenvironment. They used two antitumor drugs (Tirapazamine and Bleomycin) and two tumor cell lines (human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells and human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells). Their results indicated the dose-dependent antitumor effect of the drug
TME undergo various alterations, which result in a change in pH, oxygen level, and chemokine gradients. Hypoxia is a low oxygen condition which occurs in the TME and affects angiogenesis, cell survival, EMT, and invasion [3]. Several studies used a microfluidic approach to model TME in terms of pH and oxygen level [27,29,55,56]. Chen and colleagues generated oxygen gradients in a microfluidic device using spatially confined chemical reactions. They cultured A549 lung carcinoma cells with an anti-cancer drug (Tirapazamine, TPZ) under various oxygen gradients and demonstrated the hyperoxia-induc
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