China’s Generative AI Ecosystem in 2024: Rising Investment and Expectations | The National Bureau of Asian Research (NBR)

Paul Triolo and Kendra Schaefer examine both the opportunities and challenges facing the AI sector in China. They consider how AI developments in China are driving U.S.-China technology competition and intersect with critical policy choices around technologies that support AI ecosystems. Outside of large U.S. tech platforms and a handful of major players in Canada and France, the country with the most developers of large language models (LLMs) and applications is clearly China. The generative artificial intelligence (AI) landscape is vibrant, and includes a mix of large tech platforms, social media companies, and more recently a slew of well-financed start-ups. In this backgrounder, we examine both the opportunities and challenges facing this sector in China. We also examine how developments in AI in China are driving U.S.-China technology competition and how they intersect with critical policy choices in Washington around technologies that support AI ecosystems. For policymakers broad

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