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Cryptography

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Cryptography, or cryptology (from Ancient Greek: κρυπτός, romanized: kryptós "hidden, secret"; and γράφειν graphein, "to write", or -λογία -logia, "study", respectively), is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of adversarial behavior. More generally, cryptography is about constructing and analyzing protocols that prevent third parties or the public from reading private messages; various aspects of information security such as data confidentiality, data integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation are central to modern cryptography. Modern cryptography exists at the intersection of the disciplines of mathematics, computer science, electrical engineering, communication science, and physics. Applications of cryptography include electronic commerce, chip-based payment cards, digital currencies, computer passwords, and military communications.

Cryptography - Wikipedia Jump to content Checked From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This is the latest accepted revision , reviewed on 11 July 2026 . Practice and study of secure communication techniques "Secret code" redirects here. For the Aya Kamiki album, see Secret Code . "Cryptology" redirects here. For the David S. Ware album, see Cryptology (album) . For the similarly sounding term for digital currencies, see Cryptocurrency . This article needs more citations . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed

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