Approach to the patient with HIV and central nervous system lesions - UpToDate
INTRODUCTION The evaluation and management of the patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who presents with central nervous system (CNS) lesions is a challenging problem. Occasionally, the lesion(s) may represent life-threatening emergencies depending upon their size and location. The most important factor in determining the differential diagnosis is the degree of immunosuppression in the host and whether they are taking antiretroviral therapy. This topic will address the differential diagnosis and initial clinical and diagnostic evaluation of central nervous system lesions in patients with HIV, particularly those with CD4 counts <200 cells/microL. Occasionally, patients with HIV and CD4 counts between 200 and 500 can also present with opportunistic infections. Patients with HIV who have CD4 counts >500 cells/microL are less likely to present with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining illnesses and thus the approach is similar to patients without HIV. Neurocognitiv
INTRODUCTION The evaluation and management of the patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who presents with central nervous system (CNS) lesions is a challenging problem. Occasionally, the lesion(s) may represent life-threatening emergencies depending upon their size and location. The most important factor in determining the differential diagnosis is the degree of immunosuppression in the host and whether they are taking antiretroviral therapy. This topic will address the differential diagnosis and initial clinical and diagnostic evaluation of central nervous system lesions in patients
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