Baruch Spinoza
Baruch (de) Spinoza (24 November 1632 – 21 February 1677), also known under his Latinized pen name Benedictus de Spinoza, was a philosopher of Portuguese-Jewish origin, who was born and lived in the Dutch Republic. A forerunner of the Age of Enlightenment, Spinoza significantly influenced modern biblical criticism, 17th-century rationalism, and Dutch intellectual culture, establishing himself as one of the most important and radical philosophers of the early modern period. Influenced by Stoicism, Thomas Hobbes, René Descartes, Ibn Tufayl, and heterodox Christians, Spinoza was a leading philosopher of the Dutch Golden Age.
Baruch Spinoza - Wikipedia Jump to content From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Portuguese-Dutch philosopher (1632–1677) "Spinoza" redirects here. For other uses, see Spinoza (disambiguation) . Baruch Spinoza Born Baruch Espinosa [ 1 ]  /  Bento de Spinosa [ 2 ] ( 1632-11-24 ) 24 November 1632 Amsterdam , Dutch Republic Died 21 February 1677 (1677-02-21) (aged 44) The Hague , Dutch Republic Other name Benedictus de Spinoza Education Education Talmud Torah University of Leiden (no degree) [ 3 ] Philosophical work Era 17th-century philosophy Age of Enl
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