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Data availability sampling and danksharding: An overview and a proposal for improvements - a16z crypto

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Danksharding is an approach to scaling the amount of data on chain for a future version of Ethereum. The goal of this upgrade is to ensure that the data on chain was made available to archiving parties when it was first posted. It does so using a technique called Data Availability Sampling, or simply DAS. In this post we survey how data availability in danksharding works and propose some modifications to the underlying technique. In particular, we explore a small modification that may improve data recovery: the current proposal requires 75% of the shares to recover a block, whereas the modification may reduce this bound to 25%. Danksharding is scheduled to follow protodanksharding (EIP-4844). Protodanksharding will allow clients to write more data to the blockchain by introducing a new transaction type called a “blob-carrying transaction.” Initially, this new transaction type will carry with it a list of up to four data blobs, where each blob is at most 128 KB (4096 field elements of 3

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